http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/158299 Fri, 03 Jul 2026 14:21:23 GMT 2026-07-03T14:21:23Z http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172650 Consumer boycotting behavior in response to war-related and trade-related geopolitical conflicts : a comparison of France and Finland Rod, Lauren The purpose of this study is to examine how consumers respond to boycotting in the context of different geopolitical conflicts. More precisely, the aim is to understand how consumers respond in war-related boycotts versus trade-related boycott scenarios, and how these responses differ between French and Finnish consumers. The study is conducted from the consumer’s perspective. The thesis consists of theoretical and empirical chapters. The theoretical chapters present consumer boycotting as a form of political consumerism and discuss the role of country of origin, the geopolitical conflict, war-related boycotts, and trade-related boycotts. The empirical chapters of this study are based on a mixed-methods research design where pilot interviews were conducted with French and Finnish students as an exploratory phase to support the development of the survey. Quantitative data were gathered through an online survey distributed to student respondents in France and Finland. Seven pilot interviews were conducted, and the final quantitative sample consisted of 122 French and Finnish student respondents. The results of the research did not provide statistical support for all the proposed hypotheses; however, some hypotheses were supported or partially supported. Descriptive patterns suggest possible differences between war-related and trade-related boycott scenarios as well as differences between French and Finnish respondents, though the findings were limited by the sample and not statistically significant. The results provide insight into how consumers think about boycotting in geopolitical contexts, especially by considering the importance of separating boycott intention and reported behavior and including practical constraints to boycott participation. An interesting finding is that respondents in the pilot interviews generally spoke about war-related conflicts as being more worthy of boycotting, but the survey results did not show stronger war-related boycott intentions in the primary comparisons. However, supplementary general intentions showed higher intended participation in war-related conflicts than trade-related conflicts. The findings differed depending on how the boycott intention was measured. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172650 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172648 Hydrogen hybrid power system sizing and evaluation for a fixed-wing UAV Andersson, Janna-Roosa This thesis investigates the conceptual sizing and system-level evaluation of a hydrogen hybrid power system for a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) intended for long-endurance operation. The study examines how propulsion power demand, hydrogen storage mass, and fuel cell power influence UAV endurance, flight range, and overall system feasibility. A MATLAB-based modelling framework was developed to evaluate the performance of a conceptual hydrogen hybrid fixed-wing UAV configuration. The modelling approach combines a steady-state performance model with a simplified dynamic mission-level simulation model. The steady-state model was used to evaluate propulsion power demand, hydrogen consumption, endurance, and flight range, while the dynamic simulation was used to examine transient mission behaviour and simplified fuel cell–battery power-sharing during different flight phases. The results indicate that hydrogen hybrid propulsion systems can enable long-endurance operation within the power range of currently available UAV fuel cell systems. The results further indicate that all system parameters are strongly interconnected, with overall mass acting as a major design constraint. The study highlights the importance of system-level optimisation in hydrogen-powered UAV design and demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed hybrid fuel cell–battery architecture for long-endurance fixed-wing UAV applications.; Tässä diplomityössä tarkastellaan kiinteäsiipiselle miehittämättömälle ilma-alukselle (UAV) suunnatun vetyhybridi-voimajärjestelmän konseptitason mitoitusta ja järjestelmätason arviointia pitkän toiminta-ajan sovelluksia varten. Työssä tutkitaan, kuinka tehontarve, vedyn varastointijärjestelmän massa ja polttokennon teho vaikuttavat UAV-järjestelmän lentoaikaan, toimintasäteeseen ja kokonaisjärjestelmän toteuttamiskelpoisuuteen. Työssä kehitettiin MATLAB-pohjainen järjestelmätason mallinnuskehys konseptitason vetyhybridi-käyttöisen kiinteäsiipisen UAV:n suorituskyvyn arviointia varten. Mallinnusmenetelmä yhdistää vakaan lentotilan suorituskykymallin sekä yksinkertaistetun dynaamisen simulointimallin. Vakaan lentotilan mallia käytettiin tehontarpeen, vedynkulutuksen, lentoajan ja toimintasäteen arviointiin eri käyttöolosuhteissa, kun taas dynaamista simulointia käytettiin tarkastelemaan hetkellisiä lentotilanteita sekä yksinkertaistettua polttokenno–akku-tehonjakoa eri lentovaiheiden aikana. Tulokset osoittavat, että vetyhybridi-järjestelmät voivat mahdollistaa pitkän toiminta-ajan ja -matkan kiinteäsiipisille UAV-alustoille. Tulokset osoittavat lisäksi, että vedyn määrän kasvattaminen kasvattaa merkittävästi järjestelmän massaa vedyn varastointijärjestelmän lisämassan vuoksi, mikä aiheuttaa keskinäisiä riippuvuuksia varastoidun energian määrän, tehontarpeen ja saavutettavan lentosuorituskyvyn välillä. Työ korostaa järjestelmätason optimoinnin merkitystä vetypohjaisten UAV-järjestelmien suunnittelussa ja osoittaa ehdotetun hybridi polttokenno–akkuarkkitehtuurin soveltuvuuden kiinteäsiipisiin UAV-sovelluksiin. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172648 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172647 Waste separation behaviour among international students in Finland Moslem Zadeh, Parinaz One of the crucial aspects of the circular economy is the proper separation of household waste. In Finland, however, one of the challenges for international residents may be to comply with these practices. This study investigated waste separation behavior and barriers among international students living in Finland. In a quantitative cross-sectional study, online questionnaire data were collected from 100 international students across Finnish universities, and the resulting data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to assess sorting frequencies, knowledge levels, and perceived barriers. The findings show that sorting frequencies for standard categories (plastic, cardboard, paper, and biowaste) are high, but on the other hand, there is a significant decrease in sorting rates in complex waste categories, such as hazardous waste, pharmaceuticals, and electronic waste. Overall, the results, which are examined within the Attitude-Behaviour-Context (ABC) framework, indicate that sometimes many contextual barriers can hinder the environmental motivation to separate. The complexity of composite packaging, Finnish language instructions and internal space constraints in shared housing can be named as the three main structural barriers in this study. Finally, it can be concluded that to achieve better results in terms of recycling compliance, it is better to prioritize system simplification rather than using awareness campaigns. Finally, it is recommended to implement universal visual signs, as well as the use of English instructions at waste disposal points and product packaging, and more placement of optimal containers to facilitate easy waste separation for international populations. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172647 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172645 Instructions for insulation wool replacement Syrjänen, Tiia The purpose of this thesis was to investigate steam pipeline insulation through thermal imaging and analyze heat transfer calculation of the insulation provided by the contractor. The goal was to gain information of current heat losses emitted from the insulation and which parameters have most significant impact regarding the heat transfer calculation based on standardization. Sensitivity analysis can be utilized in examination of heat loss and cost evaluation based on standardization by determining the relevant variables. The sensitivity analysis provides charts for chosen parameters’ impact on costs of the insulation in current condition and on payback time in case of insulation renewal. Thermal insulation design through standardization considers optimal heat transfer dimensions and safe operation of steam pipelines in outdoor conditions. The theoretical section observes the insulation condition relevance for steam network operation and maintenance of the pipeline. As a result of this study, the importance of thermal insulation was presented for increasing efficiency of energy demand and safe operation. The results act as a guide for maintenance sector and assets owners in insulation renewal profitability evaluation.; Tämän työn tavoitteena oli tarkastella höyryputkiston kuntoa ja urakoitsijan lämpöhäviöiden laskennallisia menetelmiä lämpökamerakuvausten avulla. Tavoitteena oli selvittää tieto nykyisten eristeiden lämpöhäviöistä and mitkä laskennalliset parametrit vaikuttivat eniten standardin mukaisissa laskentamenetelmissä. Herkkyysanalyysiä voidaan hyödyntää lämpöhäviöiden ja eristeiden kustannusten arvioinnissa asettamalla olennaiset parametrit standardin mukaan. Herkkyysanalyysien kaaviot esittävät valittujen parametrien vaikutuksen eristeiden kustannuksiin nykyisillä eristeillä sekä eristeiden uusimisen takaisinmaksuaikaan. Lämpöeristyksen standardin mukainen suunnittelu huomioi optimaaliset mitat lämmönsiirron ja turvallisen toiminnan kannalta ulkoilmassa sijaitseville höyryputkistoille. Teoreettinen osuus tarkastelee eristeiden kunnon merkitystä höyryverkoston toiminnan ja höyryputkiston kunnossapidon näkökulmasta. Tämän työn tuloksena esitettiin lämpöeristysten merkitys energian käytön ja turvallisen toiminnan kannalta. Tulokset toimivat ohjeena kunnossapidolle sekä omaisuuden haltijoille eristeiden uusinnan kannattavuuden arvioinnissa. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://lutpub.lut.fi:80/handle/10024/172645 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z