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Synthesis of novel cellulose based nanocomposites by green methods and their possible use as adsorbents

Ponomarev, Nikolai (2017)

Katso/Avaa
Master thesis (3.311Mb)
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Diplomityö

Ponomarev, Nikolai
2017

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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe201703215350

Tiivistelmä

The aim of this work was to develop of novel cost-efficient nanocomposites synthesized by
“green” methods with sufficient adsorption performance for heavy metal cations (Ni2+, Cd2+,
Pb2+), phosphorous (phosphates), and sulfur (sulfates). Especially, the goal was to find the most
suitable nanocomposite material and the most environmentally friendly and inexpensive
method to produce this material in order to verify its possible use in real applications.
Synthesis of nanocomposites was performed using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), in
PEG/NaOH solvent by a thermal-assisted method using layered double hydroxides (LDH) with
various composition; iron oxide (III); manganese oxide (IV) and magnesium hydroxide (MH)
as reinforcement. All of the materials had a structure of nanocomposites confirmed by TEM.
The cellulose based material reinforced by magnesium hydroxide was selected for more
detailed studies due to its appealing properties. Effects of time, temperature, and cellulose
amount on its structure were investigated. Results of XRD, FTIR and EDS mapping showed
that the materials composed of cellulose and magnesium hydroxide. And cellulose presented
as a polymer matrix in the nanocomposites. TEM and SEM analyses showed an even
distribution of MH nanostructures with various morphology in the produced materials.
Each of the studied materials were tested as adsorbents with sufficient adsorption performance.
Most of the materials demonstrated excellent uptake of nickel, cadmium, lead, phosphorous,
and sulfur.
The novel synthesis method used in this study is feasible, cost-efficient and environmentally
friendly. Moreover, the studied materials showed excellent potential for the removal of both
anionic and cationic pollutants from the wastewater.
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  • Diplomityöt ja Pro gradu -tutkielmat [10040]
LUT-yliopisto
PL 20
53851 Lappeenranta
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