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Evaluation of methods for estimating energy performance of biogas production
(Elsevier, 2014)This study focused on identifying various system boundaries and evaluating methods of estimating energy performance of biogas production. First, the output-input ratio method used for evaluating energy performance from the ... -
Inductance Calculation of Tooth-Coil Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines
(IEEE, 2014)Analytical calculation methods for all the major components of the synchronous inductance of tooth-coil permanentmagnet synchronous machines are reevaluated in this paper. The inductance estimation is different in the ... -
Hysteresis Losses in Sintered NdFeB Permanent Magnets in Rotating Electrical Machines
(2015)Permanent magnet materials are nowadays widely used in the electrical machine manufacturing industry. Eddy current loss models of permanent magnets used in electrical machines are frequently discussed in research papers. ... -
Design of a Traction Motor With Tooth-Coil Windings and Embedded Magnets
(IEEE, 2014)Traction motor design significantly differs from industrial machine design. The starting point is the load cycle instead of the steady-state rated operation point. The speed of the motor varies from zero to very high speeds. ... -
Direct-Driven Interior Magnet Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for a Full Electric Sports Car
(2014)The design process of direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) for a full electric 4 ´ 4 sports car is presented. The rotor structure of the machine consists of two permanent magnet layers embedded inside ... -
Unequal Teeth Widths for Torque Ripple Reduction in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines With Fractional-Slot Non-Overlapping Windings
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2015)Permanent magnet synchronous machines with fractional-slot non-overlapping windings (FSPMSM), also known as tooth-coil winding permanent magnet synchronous machines (TCW PMSM), have been under intensive research during ... -
Replacing Copper with New Carbon Nanomaterials in Electrical Machine Windings
(Praise Worthy Prize, 2015)Electrical machines have significant improvement potential. Nevertheless, the field is characterized by incremental innovations. Admittedly, steady improvement has been achieved, but no breakthrough development. Radical ... -
Emerging market patterns in recycled paper trade
(Taylor & Francis, 2015)The international recovered paper trade serves two important functions: increasing raw material availability in the paper and board industry and providing economic incentives to recycle. The purpose of this paper is to ... -
Explaining the Shifts of International Trade in Pulp and Paper Industry
(Society of American Foresters, 2013)The pulp and paper industry is currently facing broad structural changes due to global shifts in demand and supply. These changes have significant impacts on national economies worldwide. In this paper, we describe the ... -
An Update on Inter-Country Differences in Recovery and Utilization of Recycled Paper
(Elsevier, 2013)The use of recovered paper as raw material in the paper and board industry has increased heavily during recent decades. At the same time, growing environmental awareness has raised the interest in recycling and a more ... -
Toward including the effect of manufacturing processes in the pre-estimated losses of the switched reluctance motor
(Elsevier, 2015)The estimation of losses plays a key role in the process of building any electrical machine. How to estimate those losses while designing any machine; by obtaining the characteristic of the electrical steel from the catalogue ... -
Design and Drive-Cycle Based Analysis of Direct-Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for a Small Urban Use Electric Vehicle
(2014)A direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous machine for a small urban use electric vehicle is presented. The measured performance of the machine at the test bench as well as the performance over the modified New European ... -
Recovery boilers - history and future
(Suomen Soodakattilayhdistys - Finnish recovery boiler committee, 11.06.2014)Recovery boilers are built all over the world. The roots of recovery technology are longer than the roots of recovery boilers. But it wasn’t until the invention of recovery boilers before the Second World War that the ... -
Influence of Travelling Current Linkage Harmonics on Inductance Variation, Torque Ripple and Sensorless Capability of Tooth-Coil Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2014)This paper introduces an important source of torque ripple in PMSMs with tooth-coil windings (TC-PMSMs). It is theoretically proven that saturation and cross-saturation phenomena caused by the non-synchronous harmonics of ... -
Comparison of Model-Based Flow Rate Estimation Methods in Frequency-Converter-Driven Pumps and Fans
(Springer, 2014)Fluid handling systems such as pump and fan systems are found to have a significant potential for energy efficiency improvements. To deliver the energy saving potential, there is a need for easily implementable methods to ... -
Effect of heat input on the mechanical properties of welded joints in high strength steels
(Taylor & Francis, 2015)Experiments were carried out to determine the properties of the welded joints in 8mm thick high-strength steels produced by quenching and tempering and thermomechanical rolling with accelerated cooling (tensile strength ... -
Permanent magnet synchronous generator design solution for large directdrive wind turbines: Thermal behavior of the LC DD-PMSG
(2014)Wind is one of the most compelling forms of indirect solar energy. Available now, the conversion of wind power into electricity is and will continue to be an important element of energy self-sufficiency planning. This paper ... -
Ball Bearing Model Performance on Various Sized Rotors with and without Centrifugal and Gyroscopic Forces
(Elsevier, 2015)Bearing performance signi cantly a ects the dynamic behaviors and estimated working life of a rotating system. A common bearing type is the ball bearing, which has been under investigation in numerous published studies. ...
