Frequency analysis of chugging condensation in pressure suppression pool system with pattern recognition

Abstract

Direct contact condensation (DCC) phenomena in boiling water reactor (BWR) pressure suppression pool systems need to be understood to properly assess the performance of the pool as a heat sink and as a safety critical structure. Condensation oscillations in the form of chugging are challenging to predict by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods but safety relevant because of associated high dynamic loads on in-pool structures and the pool itself. Recently, new measurement methods for CFD validation purposes have become available. One of these techniques is visual observation using the high-speed cameras and suitable data processing method. Pattern recognition is a well suited technique for the determination of large oscillating bubble dynamics in a pressure suppression pool.

In this work, the formation and collapse of the steam bubbles in chugging condensation mode are evaluated by using the pattern recognition algorithm. The pattern recognition algorithm is based on video material recorded during the direct contact condensation experiment DCC-05 of the PPOOLEX test facility. The formation speed, the shape and size of the steam bubbles and the acceleration of collapsing bubbles are estimated with the algorithm. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used for frequency analysis of the pattern recognized data. The frequencies found are compared to the frequency data of the pressure transducers collected during the experiment and to the previous results of the NEPTUNE_CFD simulations of the same experiment.

The frequency analysis shows that the chugging frequencies of the steam bubbles range from 1 to 3 Hz, as predicted. Also the natural frequencies of the bubbles are visible around 53 Hz. Another frequency spike was observed close to the 125 Hz. This frequency is close to the mechanical resonance frequencies of the suppression pool and the blowdown pipe. Because of neither the pressure suppression pool nor the blowdown pipe are visible to the pattern recognition, the spike of the higher frequencies is most likely from the interfacial area of the bubble which resonates with the suppression pool system, affecting rapid condensation at a certain point.