Selective recovery of germanium with N-methylglucamine functional resin from sulfate solutions
Virolainen, Sami; Heinonen, Jari; Paatero, Erkki (2013)
Post-print / Final draft
Virolainen, Sami
Heinonen, Jari
Paatero, Erkki
2013
Separation and Purification Technology
104
193-199
Elsevier
School of Engineering Science
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe201901283310
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe201901283310
Tiivistelmä
Growing demand of germanium and uncertainties in supply create a need for research into efficient separation methods. Ion exchange recovery of germanium from sulfate solutions was studied with equilibrium experiments, column experiments, and modeling. Based on screening of four commercial resins by equilibrium experiments, a bifunctional N-methylglucamine resin was selected for dynamic adsorption studies and modeling. The adsorption of germanium onto the resin depended strongly on pH. The first pKa value of germanic acid, Ge(OH)4, is 9 and its anionic dissociation products (oxoanions) were adsorbed to the nitrogen containing groups by anion exchange mechanism. The germanium species were all adsorbed to glucose sites. Other metal ions in the studied multimetal feeds decreased the Ge adsorption directly by competition, and indirectly by acting as buffers to prevent pH increase and the dissociation of germanic acid. Iron was found to have a particularly detrimental effect on the adsorption.
A competitive adsorption model was used to describe the sorption equilibrium of germanic acid and its dissociation products to glucose sites and to amine groups. A transport-dispersive model with a solid film linear driving force model was employed for the dynamic modeling. Authentic and simulated feed solutions were used to study the effect of competing metals. The feed solutions contained 63–490 mg/L Ge and metal sulfates so that ionic strengths were between 0.58 and 5.82 mol/L. The constructed simulation model predicted the equilibrium isotherms and the breakthrough curves of germanium well.
A competitive adsorption model was used to describe the sorption equilibrium of germanic acid and its dissociation products to glucose sites and to amine groups. A transport-dispersive model with a solid film linear driving force model was employed for the dynamic modeling. Authentic and simulated feed solutions were used to study the effect of competing metals. The feed solutions contained 63–490 mg/L Ge and metal sulfates so that ionic strengths were between 0.58 and 5.82 mol/L. The constructed simulation model predicted the equilibrium isotherms and the breakthrough curves of germanium well.
Lähdeviite
Virolainen, S., Heinonen, J., Paatero, E., 2013. Selective recovery of germanium with N-methylglucamine functional resin from sulfate solutions. Separation and Purification Technology 104, 193–199. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2012.11.023
Alkuperäinen verkko-osoite
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383586612006211Kokoelmat
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