Risks and benefits of a circular economy within geopolymer ecosystem for South Karelia region

Abstract

Circular economies have become an alternative way of economic development in the world today. Ecosystems are moving a focus towards the circular economy core, creating circular economy ecosystems. In turn, these sustainability-oriented ecosystems have a significant influence on stakeholders. One of such ecosystems located in South Karelia region and focused on geopolymer production is an example of the circular economy implementation. The aim of this thesis is to study the circular economy within geopolymer ecosystem in South Karelia region and identify what risks and benefits the circular economy generates for the region. The study encompasses the earlier findings of risks and benefits of a circular economy in the literature and empirical results obtained from interviews with representatives of the local ecosystem. As a result, legislative, economic and technological aspects are identified as the most critical sources of risks, as they create a lot of uncertainties in the circular economy ecosystem. Through early identification, these risks can be successfully mitigated. Moreover, the results of the research revealed the beneficial sides of the circular economy implementation. They are mainly related to the development of the region in terms of economic and social aspects, as well as enhanced sustainability profile.