Synthesis of high porosity activated carbon from sewage sludge and a study on the electrochemical characteristics and its application for the adsorptive removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater
Razavizadeh, Sayedjalal (2023)
Diplomityö
2023
School of Engineering Science, Kemiantekniikka
Kaikki oikeudet pidätetään.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202401081725
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202401081725
Tiivistelmä
This study emphasizes the importance of efficiently treating sewage sludge (SS) in contemporary wastewater management. It explores SS as a valuable resource for producing activated carbon (AC) through thermal and chemical treatments. The resulting carbon-rich materials exhibit robust adsorption capabilities, and wide perspective for electrochemical applications.
In this research, the use of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and the inaugural use of monopotassium oxalate (KHC2O4) in activation methods demonstrated significant effectiveness. These agents demonstrated superior performance, enhancing surface area (SA) and porosity of 2213 m2 g-1 and 2165 m2 g-1 respectively and pore volume 1.6 cm3 g-1 for both. Notably, this method stands out for its simplicity, eliminating the need for solution preparation and significantly reducing activation time. Optimum conditions were also investigated in terms of reaction temperature, reaction time, and the ratio of activation material and SS.
The synthesized KHC2O4-activated carbon (MonoP700) underwent a thorough electrochemical characterization using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), providing valuable insights into its electrochemical behavior and potential applications. Subsequently, a comprehensive study evaluated MonoP700's adsorption capabilities for pharmaceutical compounds (Tetracycline, Diclofenac, and Carbamazepine) was also investigated. Optimization parameters included pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and concentration, with a systematic examination of competing ions' influence on the adsorption process to enhance understanding of the MonoP700 performance and mechanism.
This work utilized the results obtained in European Regional Development Fund supported project: Lietteen roolin vahvistaminen kiertotaloudessa – Innovatiivinen hyötykäyttö vedenkäsittelyssä, akkumateriaaleissa ja 3D-tulostuksessa (A78710).
In this research, the use of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and the inaugural use of monopotassium oxalate (KHC2O4) in activation methods demonstrated significant effectiveness. These agents demonstrated superior performance, enhancing surface area (SA) and porosity of 2213 m2 g-1 and 2165 m2 g-1 respectively and pore volume 1.6 cm3 g-1 for both. Notably, this method stands out for its simplicity, eliminating the need for solution preparation and significantly reducing activation time. Optimum conditions were also investigated in terms of reaction temperature, reaction time, and the ratio of activation material and SS.
The synthesized KHC2O4-activated carbon (MonoP700) underwent a thorough electrochemical characterization using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), providing valuable insights into its electrochemical behavior and potential applications. Subsequently, a comprehensive study evaluated MonoP700's adsorption capabilities for pharmaceutical compounds (Tetracycline, Diclofenac, and Carbamazepine) was also investigated. Optimization parameters included pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and concentration, with a systematic examination of competing ions' influence on the adsorption process to enhance understanding of the MonoP700 performance and mechanism.
This work utilized the results obtained in European Regional Development Fund supported project: Lietteen roolin vahvistaminen kiertotaloudessa – Innovatiivinen hyötykäyttö vedenkäsittelyssä, akkumateriaaleissa ja 3D-tulostuksessa (A78710).