Recovery of fine chemical products from agricultural wastes
Niyirora, Patrick (2024)
Diplomityö
2024
School of Engineering Science, Kemiantekniikka
Kaikki oikeudet pidätetään.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2024090569410
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2024090569410
Tiivistelmä
Nitro-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, or simply nitroaromatics (NACs), are essential raw materials for chemical products like herbicides, insecticides, and medicinal formulations. Due to their extensive use in the synthesis of plant protection products, nitroaromatics often find their way into soil and groundwater. Unfortunately, their persistence and accumulation in the ecosystem pose significant ecological and health hazards. Under certain conditions, nitroaromatic waste can be chemically reduced into aromatic amines, offering the potential for reuse in various industrial applications.
In this research, two nanocomposite catalytic materials embedded with metallic nanoparticles were synthesized and optimized. The nanocomposites’ modification, morphology, and catalytic activity were studied and analyzed using Fourier-Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectrophotometry, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Low-Temperature Nitrogen Sorption and Desorption, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A catalytic separation system for continuous flow-mode operations was designed, developed, and optimized using stereolithographic 3D printing (SLA) to produce catalytic columns. The presented master’s thesis aimed to reduce NACs in flow mode using these newly developed catalysts. Furthermore, the development of a 3-D printed flow mode reactor enabled the simultaneous separation and recovery of the resulting aromatic amines, enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of the process.
In this research, two nanocomposite catalytic materials embedded with metallic nanoparticles were synthesized and optimized. The nanocomposites’ modification, morphology, and catalytic activity were studied and analyzed using Fourier-Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectrophotometry, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Low-Temperature Nitrogen Sorption and Desorption, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A catalytic separation system for continuous flow-mode operations was designed, developed, and optimized using stereolithographic 3D printing (SLA) to produce catalytic columns. The presented master’s thesis aimed to reduce NACs in flow mode using these newly developed catalysts. Furthermore, the development of a 3-D printed flow mode reactor enabled the simultaneous separation and recovery of the resulting aromatic amines, enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of the process.