Optimization of a sustainable ultra-low noise microwave amplifier for a planetary space probe based on R9-strategies

Abstract

This thesis investigates the environmental impact of three aluminium alloys—AA6082, AA6061, and AA7075—used in the design and production of ultra-low noise amplifiers (LNAs) for planetary space probes. With sustainability becoming a critical criterion in space missions, this study applies a triangulated methodology comprising a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) via SolidWorks Sustainability software, a systematic literature review, and expert interviews to evaluate and compare the environmental profiles of these alloys. AA6082 emerged as the most sustainable option according to literature due to its high recycled content and low dependence on primary extraction. However, SolidWorks simulations inaccurately ranked it as the least sustainable, likely due to database limitations and manual data entry issues. AA6061 was shown to perform well across multiple impact categories, especially in air acidification potential, while AA7075, although mechanically superior, posed higher environmental burdens unless recycled. The study also examined circular economy principles by analysing R-strategies, identifying "Reduce," "Rethink," and "Reuse" as most applicable to LNA design. Despite the limited scope of the LCA and expert consultation, the convergence of data from multiple sources enhances the reliability of the conclusions. The findings underscore the importance of early-stage material selection, improved simulation tools, and circular design thinking in reducing the environmental footprint of space electronics. Recommendations are made for future research, including enhanced LCA databases and end-of-life modelling for off-planet components.