The effect of different inversion/eversion angles on the Achilles tendon deformations

Abstract

This research centres on the deformations of the Achilles tendon, specific to the inversion and eversion movements, to aid in possible endeavours of further research. The methodology focuses on the triangulation method, acknowledged by a literature search, pre-set criteria, and an OpenSim computational analysis.

To establish a deeper understanding of the subject, a literature review focusing on the anatomy of the tendon, and mechanical properties is implemented. Further on, the computational analysis, along with criteria searching, gives the study conclusion of inversion ankle sprains or injuries being more common, yet the eversion ankle injuries result in larger impairment. To inflict damage, the inversion angle is typically above 30° and the eversion angle after 10°.

The computational analysis showed a consistent increase in soleus tendon force from inversion toward eversion across the three simulated ankle positions. These findings align with prior research and support the reliability of the simulations. Future studies are encouraged to extend upon this analysis to the remaining subtendons, and beyond, to address the current research gap.